there’s already a movement to change over to ammonia for fueling shipping. I don’t have a good feel for the benefits and drawbacks but it is out there.
Offshore wind and onshore solar excess can be used to produce hydrogen, not coal.
It takes extra steps and introduces inefficiencies, but it is able to store larger amounts of energy than batteries, and can be used in certain industrial processes which do not run on wires and electrons.
In a succesfully electrified world, it is likely that some ammonia and hydrogen is shipped around the world for such use cases. The main alternative is to keep using fossils.
Some ships would carry ammonia, hydrogen, etc.
Still better than the status quo.
there’s already a movement to change over to ammonia for fueling shipping. I don’t have a good feel for the benefits and drawbacks but it is out there.
https://news.mit.edu/2025/unlocking-ammonia-fuel-source-heavy-industry-amogy-1125
Hydrogen is coal with extra steps. It takes a lot of energy to make hydrogen
Offshore wind and onshore solar excess can be used to produce hydrogen, not coal.
It takes extra steps and introduces inefficiencies, but it is able to store larger amounts of energy than batteries, and can be used in certain industrial processes which do not run on wires and electrons.
In a succesfully electrified world, it is likely that some ammonia and hydrogen is shipped around the world for such use cases. The main alternative is to keep using fossils.
Also, those ships themselves cant run on batteries. So some fossil or liquid fuels would still be needed in some applications.