I am not an engineer. I’m not even good at math, and my spatial reasoning skills are nonexistent. With that in mind, here are the CAD programs I’ve tried.
Blender, Pros: Free, surprisingly comprehensive. Cons: Not parametric, can’t precisely measure or constrain models, all the extra stuff you get like rendering has no use in 3D printing.
Onshape: Pros: Easy to use, convenient (I’ve successfully edited a model on my phone), free*. Cons: Runs on someone else’s computer in the cloud, not private, enshittification is sure to come shortly if history is any indication.
Fusion360: Pros: seems to be what everyone else is using. Cons: enshittification is already happening, runs locally with limited saves in the cloud so you don’t own your files but also don’t get the run anywhere convenience of the cloud.
Plasticity: Pros: buttery smooth workflow, pay once run forever, runs and saves locally. Cons: Not peremetric so hard to go back and adjust things later.
FreeCAD: Pros: free, open source. Cons: workflow as rough as sandpaper, constantly crashes.
Plasticity and Onshape have proven to be the most productive choices for me. If only Plasticity were parametric it would be the perfect software for me personally.
I want to like FreeCAD, I really do, but it’s so hard to use. I love Plasticity, but it’s meant for making 3D assets for games etc. using hard surface modelling, not so much for manufacturing.
If I may digress for a moment, I work as a network admin. I’m familiar mostly with Cisco at work, but use Ubiquiti at home. Cisco equipment is monstrously expensive from a consumer or prosumer perspective, and the only way to get true hands-on experience is to buy used equipment from ebay which may still be pricey.
Ubiquiti’s market strategy seems to be to make the kind of gear that a network admin would want in their home. It’s inexpensive relative to the big fish like Cisco, but has a fairly comprehensive feature set. The idea is to entice Joe IT guy to buy Ubiquiti gear for his house, fall in love with it, then push for the company to switch to Ubiquiti the next time they upgrade.
What I want is the Ubiquiti of CAD programs. Easy to use, low barrier to entry but comprehensive enough to use professionally.
Suggestions/comments?
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I’ve been using freecad with great success for years now and I’d say while I agree freecad is rough in terms of ux, it is highly usable, especially after 1.0 version. I feel like investing time in overcoming its flaws and weaknesses will pay off in the future, as it will enable access to a stable, eternally free and reliable software. Though I also agree it crashes frequently, I set a very frequent auto save and I don’t often get screwed now.
FreeCad was crashing on average every two minutes when I tried using it last month. I really want to like it but crashes need to be toned down…
Edit: everyone is saying stable builds are fine, but I was just using whatever nixos had packaged. I’d assume that’s the stable build but may be wrong.
Also, amd system with up to date drivers so that’s not my issue. Maybe sketches are just unstable?
I’ve been using it for months now and I had zero crashes. Is this a platform thing or just because I’m mostly only using the parts menu?
No issues with Freecad here and I am on linux + Nvidia!
Are you sure that your system is up to date? are drivers ok?
Maybe use a release and not a weekly build?
Yeah I have used Freecad for ages and never had an issue, also use an NVidia GPU. Hopefully you get your issue sorted, because freecad really is good and only getting better every time.
Well, it definitely isn’t suppose to be THAT bad. I can get a crash every half an hour or even longer. Usually for no apparent reason - like when I want to sketch on a face and the app switches from PartDesign workbench to sketcher or wise versa. And then after restart that doesn’t happen again. That is annoying, has been happening for ages and would really like it to be fixed. But it’s not every few minutes, more like half an hour to an hour.
FreeCAD: Pros: free, open source. Cons: workflow as rough as sandpaper, constantly crashes.
It has a learning curve (like all software), yes. But I cannot confirm the crashes.
The 1.0.x versions have been rock solid for me. I like using it, but that might just be the Stockholm syndrome kicking in.
Yeah 1.0 has been quite stable for me. I especially recommend the weekly releases with features planned for 1.1, like better sketch projection tools and snapping.
I love freecad but even the latest release has some occasional crashes. For instance if you try to use PartDesign_Chamfer or PartDesign_Fillet and then go back and edit any of the sketches those were applied to things start to get wacky.
There’s an entry missing in your list, which many people seem to not know about: Siemens Solid Edge
Like fusion, is free for personal/hobby use. But it’s not “cloud based”. Also unlike fusion, they aren’t constantly scaling back what you can do with the free edition. Probably worth a shot.
I’ve been using progeCAD for the last few years and its basically a clone of AutoCAD for a fraction of the price and you own it unlike autodesk’s model they’ve had since like 2017 or something.
You missed OpenSCAD but that might’ve been intentional if you’re looking for something with low barrier to entry and a purely “visual” workflow. It’s the diametric opposite of Blender, basically. Surprisingly non-comprehensive with very limited options of primitives to work with, but laser-focused on building precise, constrained, parametric models out of said primitives. The downside is that you have to code it. Like, in actual code. For the artistically-minded designer, it’s probably not the right tool. But for people with the appropriate mental model and skillset, it’s an extremely effective tool, and infinitely extensible. If you need to do something particularly complex, chances are someone’s already written the functions and libraries to do it, and if you need to know how to do it too, you can just look at their code. Assuming you can read it.
The actual coding language itself is a bit janky and for me, counterintuitive and unpleasant in some ways. It certainly wouldn’t be my first choice, but it’s workable, and the elegance of the overall idea makes up for it. It’s worth the extra investment in learning, and I can’t go back to wrestling with what I find are clunky visual workflows anymore. I crave the hard numerical precision of actually and accurately defining the shapes I’m working with.
Yes! This so much.
I am entirely convinced that one of the more underserved niches in software is domain-specific languages for doing traditionally-mousey/clicky/GUI things. I’m so convinced of that that I’ve written just such a DSL and am actively working on a second one.
About the only really good examples of that that I know of are OpenSCAD and Graphviz. (And I guess the one I wrote.) I’ve love to know about more. (And, no, libraries that make GUI-sort-of use cases easier in some general purpose language don’t count. There’s really something about having syntax/builtins/standard library custom made specifically for the use case that I’m quite convinced has major benefits to overall usability.)
About OpenSCAD specifically, I also have some nit-picks about the language. There are cases where I’ve written code in other languages that outputs OpenSCAD code specifically to get around some limitations. (There’s one project I’m working on and haven’t Open Sourced yet that just begs so hard for maps/dicts/string-keyed-composite-types. And the ability to use modules as values. (Like, making it more of a “functional” language… or rather a “moduleal” language.)) But like you, none of that detracts enough to make me not love OpenSCAD.
About the only really good examples of that that I know of are OpenSCAD and Graphviz.
Like, things that take in a text file with programming capabilities describing what to generate? I can think of a couple off the top of my head.
I agree. I’m a software developer and absolutely love OpenSCAD.
It would be great if it supported things like fillets and chamfers, otherwise I’m very happy with it.
BOSL is a massive improvement over the barebones OpenSCAD functions, and if you need to do stuff like fillets and chamfers you should check it out. There are probably other libraries that do the same but I know BOSL(2) does, through functions like cuboid() and prismoid() and edge_profile() among many other things.
Blender has an add on project called cad sketches in development. It’s free to use and is donation supported just like Blender is. I haven’t used it myself but it wouldn’t hurt looking into it.
My solution to the same issue was OpenSCAD. But it might not be for the faint of heart. For me, this is a godsend, working 100% in my mindspace.
I saw a bit ago that blended has an addon or plugin or something that adds parametric functions
I think I got the impression it’s less powerful that proper parametric cad or something, but I figured I’d mention it in case that makes it a more viable option for you!
Solidworks is probably the Cisco of cad software, and a license for casual home use is only 48/year
I absolutely looove SolidWorks! But I have moved to linux and am hoping to find something like it without resorting to wine or some such.
Depending on your system I think, I have been using Sketchup 2017 (whatever the last free version was they released) for years to make 3D models for all kinds of purposes, incl 3D printing. For my brain it has proven to be the most intuitive tool to learn, it’s been a really long time so maybe I have forgotten but I feel like the barrier to entry was pretty small. There is a lot of content out there from people giving tips and tutorials. There are plug-ins still flooding around that have really good functionality. I use it with a Connexion 3D Space Navigator mouse that’s prob 10+ years old. That’s been a godsend and adds so much efficiency and flow to the tool.
I don’t know if you can still download it from Trimble but there are sources for it elsewhere.
Have fun, whatever you choose.
I use a free version of sketchup make from 2008. You can still find it out there on the internet for download.
The last free-to-run version of Sketchup is from 2017, and ironically you can download it from the official website, you just have to dig for it. It isn’t immediately available, and they try their best to sell you the latest version.
I haven’t used it but there is also tinkercad
I’m pretty happy with blender. There is also a plugin that makes it more like cad https://www.cadsketcher.com/
I really don’t understand why people have so much trouble with FreeCAD. It does everything the other software does, it just crashes on occasion.
It just crashes on occasion.
Yeah you see, that’s kind of a deal breaker.
FreeCAD is dogshit if you have any other experience with commercial software.
I wouldn’t necessarily say it’s dogshit as I’ve been enjoying the beta releases. What I will say though is that the workflow feels different enough compared to every other commercial CAD program I’ve tried (solidworks, fusion, inventor) that it required me to effectively re-learn the software rather than jump right in. Pretty much every other CAD program didn’t have this problem, in part because they’re more forgiving when you violate best practices.
FreeCAD is much more rigid in comparison. If you follow its best practices, it works wonderfully, but when I came from another CAD program my previous experience kept making me run into issues.
Yeah, maybe I was a bit harsh. I will admit, I have not tried FreeCAD recently but when I did use it I thought it was terrible. I use Creo for my job but personally like SolidWorks and Fusion for my personal use. FreeCAD just frustrated the hell out of me. I definitely commend the developers for creating a FOSS CAD software though.
Alibre is the only perpetual affordable license CAD software I’m aware of unless you want to use student/hobbyist versions of other software.
