well I could give you a solution, generally with x86_64 architecture they use a lot more wattage than macbooks, m-chip SOC’s (system-on-chip) utilize about 30W of energy whereas just a modern x86_64 CPU utilize 15W. which means you have a 15W overhead for your GPU and memory generally speaking.
So the entire reason your getting less battery life is OS required applications for it to function, and you. So if you minimize the amount of wattage (ideally building a linux system from scratch) you can optimize it to consume less resources.
I did this with my personal laptop, installed arch and mangoWM, didn’t even bother with a display manager or network manager (still use iwctl). on idle it uses about 600 MB, and I’ve beaten the m1. my point is not to compare or benchmark the macbook, but to just show you that you can maximize battery life with a little tinkering. So long as you are comfortable doing it.
I have used pop_os and cosmic DE it should be noted that is a beta version of pop_is, which means there are plenty of bugs, which means there are still a lot of optimizations. the fact you could get 12 hour battery is kinda surprising especially with a nvidia GPU.


looks pretty interesting, but what’s wrong with textbooks or wikipedia?
First off wikipedia to me is used to give an intro to a topic, or to remember something that I’ve learned before and forgot about. It’s not something to learn a subject/topic rigourously as you would in a lecture.
Secondly, there are textbooks out there that are completely free, such as libretexts. All categorized in order, from arithmetic to analysis courses like number theory, real analysis, numerical analysis, complex analysis, etc…
for what it’s worth, i do like the system. I’m just concerned on the rigor that after a certain threshold (eg, multivariable calculus) it won’t be easier to make engaging assignments. The analysis courses I was referring to, there are a lot of theorems a lot of proofs and that is tricky to make engaging (hence why most people don’t take analysis courses). If that is the progressional path you are going towards – higher level STEM classes – there’s already plenty of textbooks that cover it and are more information dense.
one final point, all of this costs money. getting people to peer review is a tricky process in academia alone, the “brotherhood” network (as far as my research is concerned) isn’t affiliated with a university unlike openstax or aforementioned libretexts which plenty of universities contribute to. There needs to be funding one way or another. How are you getting the necessary funds to prove to everyone that by taking this course will demonstrate that you know <subject>.
I like the ambition, but to make a system like that is a tricky (impossible) process to do without some funding. even the free and open source textbooks like openstax and libretext, don’t have that certification it’s a liability on the person reading it to get certified. MIT has a similar system with their opencourseware, and yet that still costs money to be “certified” in said specific course. The logistics of this project is near impossible without funding which explains my skepticism, on how you would maintain it to be free.