Even when archaeologists don’t have that level of detail, they can still confidently tell you that people don’t really change. If we can imagine something now, they could most likely imagine the same thing a thousand years ago.
For example, you know what’s an incredibly common thing to find on a dig? Dildos. Phallic stuff is everywhere, and when you find a well-polished, life-sized clay dick, it’s pretty clear what it was used for. The Greeks had devices that were essentially computers that could predict celestial movements. Running water and indoor plumbing was relatively common in the ancient world.
We’re so egotistical to think that humans in the past were somehow incapable of thinking, planning, or building at our level. And we convince ourselves that we’re better than them because we have all this fancy stuff No, their brains were just as complex and capable, they just didn’t have access to the same kinds of tools that we do.
Yeah, that has more to do with American social issues and lack of government support for the general population. Water engineering is expensive no matter where or when you are, and America is huuuge.
Plumbing was common in the ancient world in the Near East, Middle East, Mediterranean (Greece and Rome), and really wherever there were people. Keep in mind if you ask two different archaeologists, you’ll get two slightly different answers, but it’s pretty common knowledge that running water is not a modern invention.
Some sources (only a quick search, I don’t have access to all the academic journals where you’d find the good stuff):
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7004096/
https://ancientengrtech.wisc.edu/greece-overview/water-systems/
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/roman-aqueducts/
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_technology
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1506/ <–this one is really cool, the Qanats are still fully functional today
Edit: fixed links