I suspect that PDF is the only format that can do all you ask. However, in the PDF file, the type would need to be converted to curves, to keep it from reflowing, or resetting differently from what was intended to be printed. As a graphic designer, flattening all raster images to one image, and converting the type and other graphic elements to curves, then sending as PDF, was the only way I could ensure that what I sent was what got printed. (There were exceptions for printing that wouldn’t apply to digital rendering, such as spot colors, etc.)

So, the issues you have are in the file format. But, even PDFs will render differently, if the designer isn’t hell-bent on building a file that won’t.